Architectural structure.



F. E. DAUDELIN.

ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 30,19I5.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

Patented Nov. 28, 1916.

f; E. DAUDELIN. ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED IUNE 30. l9l5.

Patehted Nov. 28, 1916.

3 SHEETS SHEET 2.

F. E. DAUDELIN.

ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 30, I915.

Patented. Nov. 28, 1916.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

"nnrrnn smarts Parisian orr rcni.

FELIX E. DAUDELIN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

ARCHITECTURAL STRUCTURE.

neonate.

Application filed June 30, 1915.

fly

1 0 all whom it may concern:

lie it known that T, FELIX E. DAUDELIN, a citizenof the United States, residing in Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Architectural Structures, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates more particularly to the construction of porches for buildings but some features of it are equally applicable to other parts of such structures and I therefore reserve to myself the exclusive right to use the several features of the invention as hereinafter claimed in any situations or locations in which they may be found to be applicable.

an important feature of the invention relates to the means by which these look-.

outs are hung upon and supported by the vertical posts or colulrms at any desired heights, elevations or vertical intervals or distances apart.

The invention consists in the features of novelty that are hereinafter described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are hereby made a part of this specification and in which: 1

Figure 1 is a rear elevation of a building having a porch constructed in accordance with the invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof. Fig. 3 is a vertical section of a detail thereof on the line 3-3, Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows. Fig. 1 is a perspective View showing in their relative positions one of the post or column collars, an adjacent look-out-hanger, and the adjacent end of one of the floorjoists. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the column collars, (the phrase post or will hereinafter be omitted for the sakeof brevity). Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional elevation showing in detail a transverse section of the lookout, an elevation of the upper end of the vertical column and the top-most collar thereof, and a sectional elevationof the roof structure, the cutting plane of the sectioned parts being indicated by the line 66, Fig. 7, looking in the direction of the arrows. 7 is a vertical sectional elevation of the same parts viewed in the direction of the arrow, 7 Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a section thereof, on the line 88, Fig. 7, looking in the direction of the arrowsdownward. Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing more particularly one of the top-most collars of one of Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 26, 1916.

Serial N 0. 37,259.

the columns. Fig. 1.0 is a perspective View of one of the hangers for the roof look-out. Fig. 11 is a rear elevation of a fragment of one of the columns and a straight-away fragment of the back balustrade which skirts the rear side of the porch. Fig. 12 is a horizontal section thereofon the line 12-12, Fig. 11, looking in the direction of the arrowsdownward. Fig. 13 is a horizontal section of a corner column and fragments of the side and back balustrades, showing in detail the manner of anchoring the upper back and upper side rails of the balustrade to the corner columns. Fig. 14 is a vertical longitudinal section, on a larger scale, showing details in the construction of the adja cent ends of two of the sections of which each column is built up. Fig. 15 is a horizontal section thereof, on the line 1515, Fig. 14, looking in the direction of the arrows-downward.

It will be understood that while Figs. 1 and 2 show the back of a building having only one porch, this is not to be taken as a limitation of the applicability of the inven' tion. On the contrary one of its chief objects, which is accomplished by building up the columns of a plurality of sections of comparatively short length say four feet placed one upon another, is to adapt it to a building of any height, or number of floorsfrom one up, indefinitely.

In the drawings, 1, represents, say, the back wall of a building, although it may as well be considered as the front or any other wall, but in this specification for the sake of brevity and clearness it will be considered the back. 2 represents the floor of a porch and 3 the roof. The floor, 2, is laid upon joists, f, and theroof, 3, is laid upon similar joists, 5. The joists 4 and 5 rest, upon look-outs (which they cross at rightangles), 6 and 7, respectively, which are of similar construction and have similar accesseries, so that a detail description of one of them is sufficient for the purposes of this specification. The following detail descrip tion will therefore be confined to one of the floor look-outs,' 6, excepting when it becomes necessary to refer specifically to the roof look-outs, 7. The inner end of each of the look-outs, 6, fits in a mortise, 8, in the wall, 1., and is held therein so as to prevent its being withdrawn therefrom, by an outward endwise movement, by a T-shaped anchor, 9, the head end of which is embedded in the I through the rectangle.

wall and the outer end of which is adjustably secured to the side of the look-out. through themedium of a perforated adjusting'plate, 9 which is mortised or let into the side of the look-out and secured thereto by any suitable means, as for example by a bolt, 9'. Only one of these anchors and adjusting plates may be used, but preferably, for the sake of equalizing the strains one is ranged on each sideof the look-out. The look-out is preferably rectangular in cross-section and its outer endoccupies a socket of corresponding shape in a hanger, 10, the construction of which is clearly shown in Fig. 4. This hanger comprises two similar halves, 10 and 10"., made of sheet metal" and bent to form two halves of a rectangle terminating at'their adjacent sides in flanges, l'l-and 12, perforated; for the passage of rivets or bolts, 13, and 14, respectively. The flanges, 11 are parallel with'each other and located at one side ofzthe rectangle, and the flanges 12 are also parallel. with each other but located at theside of the rectangle op- .posite the flanges, '11, all of said flanges being parallel with a plane passing cent-rally Formed integrally with the flanges, 12, and at right angles to them but lying in a plane common to themselvesare two flanges, 15, perforated for the passage of .bolts, 16, or'the like by which they are; secured to 'theside of the joist, 4',

near its, outer .end. The socket of the hanger, 10, has inwardly projecting studs, 17, which. maybe made in any desired manher. I Preferably they are in the form of rivets, which passthrough the sides of the socket andhave enlarged conical heads at their inner ends, or they may bevformed in any other desired or suitable manner. These 7 studs, 17, project into corresponding depressionsvinj the sides of the look-out and are for the purpose of, preventing the hanger from moving endwise. (inward or outward) relatively to the lookout and thereby dis- 7 engaging. the latter from the former. The

flanges, .12, and bolts, 14, simply serve, to

secure. the two halves, of rectangular socket of the hanger together and clamp it onto the end of the look-out and while the flanges, 11' and; bolts, 13, also serve this purpose, they are also-instrumental in connecting the hanger to a collar, 18, as will be described 1 presently.

The look-outis continuous, from end to end and ls'madeof a central tubular core,

19, of metal (preferably a cylindrical pipe).

and; anlass. or body, 20, of'concrete material, of rectangular cross=sectional shape, in which the core is fir mly embedded by having theconcrete'molded aroundit, in the processbfnianuf acture. Embedded in the concreteare also four metallic rods, 21,10- cat'ed near the corners ofv the rectangular concrete mass or body and secured to these rods are the ends of stays, 22, preferably made of wire. The intermediate portion of each of these stays either partially or completely surrounds the core, 19, so as to hold it in central position during the process of molding the look-out, and for adding strength to the look-out when completed. Any desired number of these stays may be used. Preferably they are arranged in pairs at intervals of say one foot throughout the entire length of the look-out. The look-out has invits top side an undercut groove extending its entire length and in this groove is arranged a strip, 28, of dove-tail cross section, made of wood or other material that will receive and hold nails, 24, by which the joists are secured to the look-outs.

As before stated the flanges 13 are secured to a collar, 18, which is clearly shown in perspective in Fig. 5, and in plan on a larger scale in Fig. 15. This collar is of general rectangular shape and is made of two parts. 18 and} 18", each of which embraces onehalf of a rectangle. At the middle of one side of the rectangle the two parts overlap and are bolted or riveted together, while at the opposite side the two parts have flanges, 25, upon which the hanger, 10, rests. These flanges, 25, occupy parallel vertical planes and'have perforations for the passage of the bolts, 13, and also perforations for the passage of other bolts, 26, the sole function of which latter is to aid the bolts, 13, in one of their functions, 2'. 0., drawing the flanges. 25', toward each other for clamping the collar around a vertical column, 27, which is made up of as many separate sections, or units, 27, 27*, etc., each of which may be of any desired length, arranged one upon another, end'to end, as may be required to make the column of the desired height. Each side of the column has a groove or channel, 28, preferably of rectangular shape. extending from top to bottom of the column and at the bottom of each of these grooves the column has a series of indentations or depressions, 30, which may be located at any desired distance apart,preferabl v about one inch. Each of the two parts, 18 and 18 of the collar, 18, has an inwardlv presented rib, 31, corresponding in cross sectional shape with the grooves, 28, and these ribs fit snugly in the grooves. The ribs are provided with studs or projections, 32, corresponding in shapeand distance apart with the depressions, 30, into which they project so that the collar, 25, may be clamped around the column at any desired height oraltitude and,v (regard beinghad for tln distance apart of the studs and depressions) when so clamped the studs, 32, occupying the depressions, 30 will prevent the collar from slipping thereon. This construction enables the collar to support great weight and makes it amply able to support the downward loads put upon it. by the outer end of the lookout. Furthermore, it provides for sufficiently close vertical adjustment of the collar to support the porch floor or roof at the proper level.

The column has many features of construction that are similar to the look-out. For instance, it has a central tubular core, 33, embedded in a body or mass of concrete, 3 1, molded to generally rectangular cross sectional shape. But instead of being continuous it is made up of a number of sec tions, 27*, 27 etc., and the tubular core is made in similar sections. At one end of each column-section or unit the tubular core projects beyond the end of the concrete body and is externally screw-threaded while at the other end it terminates within the concrete body and carries a coupling sleeve, 33, which terminates flush with the end of said concrete body. The coupling sleeve is internally screw threaded to engage the projecting screw threaded end of the core of the next adjacent section, as shown in Fig.

- as shown in Figs. lt and 15. .may be provided with integrally formed 14. Thus, by engaging these threaded parts and turning the two column-sections relatively to each other they are drawn together and the grooves or channels, 28, may be brought into a-linement. Preferably a thin layer, 35, of cement is placed between the opposing end faces of adjacent columnsections before they are brought home.

In order to prevent the cores from turning within the concrete bodies of the columnsections while they are being screwed together, pins, 36, are passed through the core sections and their projecting ends embedded in the concrete in the process of molding, Or the cores radially extending spurs, 36*, as shown in Figs. 12 and 13.

The column sections are provided with stays 22 and rods 21 to which they are secured similarly to the stays, 22, and rods, 21, of the look-out, already described.

The roof construction is in many respects similar to the floor construction. One difference is that. the top-most column collar, 18, is surmounted by a hoop or fitting, 37, which comprises only three sides of a rectangle and therefore embraces only three sides of the upper portion of the column, 27, and to that side of this fitting which fits against the rear side of the column is riveted an offset bracket, 38, upon the horizontal shoulder, 38, of which rests the roof joist, 5, which is nearest the outer edge or cave of the roof, the portion of this bracket, 38, which extends above its horizontal shoulder being secured to the rear vertical face of said joist. The bracket is bolted to the top-most column collar, 18. The object of this rearwardly ofiset bracket, 38, is to bring the cave roof-joist entirely outside of the vertical column so that water dripping from the edge of the roof, even if no gutter be provided to catch it, will fall clear of the parts below. However, a gutter, 39, and spout, 40, are preferably provided for carrying off the water escaping from the low side of the roof.

As before stated, the fitting, 37, embraces only three sides of a rectangle and three sides of the upper end of the column, 27, the side next the hanger, 10, of the roof lookout, 7, being entirely open. Hence, this otherwise open side of the fitting, 37, will be closed by the hanger, 10, and here it may be stated that the principal function of this fitting is that of a filler for filling the gap between the joist, 5 and the upper end of the column, 27, should this latter be considerably lower than is shown in Fig. 7. In this figure the column is shown as extending a considerable distance above the top line of the roof-look-out, 7 but if the upper end of the column should terminate, say at the level of the line, 8-8, it would leave a gap between it and the bottom of the joist 5". It is principally for the purpose of filling up or preventing this gap that the fitting, 37, is provided.

For the most part the invention has been hereinbefore described in the singular number, as, for example, a or the look out, a or the column, a or the hanger, a or the collar, etc., but it will be understood that this is done simply for the sake of brevity and that so far as the real invention is concerned it comprehends any number of the several parts shown and described that may be necessary to meet any given condition of circumstances. It may here be stated also that the spirit of the entire invention resides in what is today known in the mechanic arts as the unit system. I have aimed to produce and have produced a se ries or group of units that may be made at a suitable factory, and from there shipped to the particular place where the structure is to be erected, and there assembled. I am, of course, aware that this idea as applied to architectural structures is not, broadly new, particularly with regard to the metal frames of buildings, but I believe the particular form and application of it which I have herein described is new.

l Vhat I claim as new is:

1. In an architectural structure, the combination with a vertical column, and a substantially horizontal look-out of a collar surrounding the column, said column having a vertical series of depressions and said collar having projections adapted to engage in said depressions, a hanger having a socket in which the end of the look-out fits, means for securing said hanger to the collar and means for preventing the endwise movement of the look-out 2.7 In an architectural structure the combination of a plurality of columns, a plurality of look-outs located in the vertical planes of said columns, respectively, collars supported by the columns adjacent to the outer ends of the look-outs, hangers having sockets in which the outer ends of said look-outs fit, means for securing said hangers to said collars, joists resting upon the look-outs and crossing them transversely, and flooring laid upon said sills.

3. In an. architectural structure, the combination of a plurality of columns, avplurality 'ofvlook-outs located in the Vertical planes of said columns,respectively, collars secured to and supported vby said columns adjacent to the outer ends of the look-outs, hangers having sockets in which the outer ends of said look-outs fit, means for securing said hangers to said. collars, fittings embracing said column and resting upon the uppermost collars, off-set brackets secured to saidfittings, and outer roof-joists supported by said brackets outside of the vertical plane of the columns, other roof joists resting upon the uppermost look-outs and crossing them transversely and a roof-flooring supported by the several joists.

FELIX E. DAUDETJIN. lVitnesses:

LILLIAN F. KINNUCAN, L. M. HoPKINs.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. G. 

